Today, environmental pollution is becoming a hotter and more urgent problem than ever. Successful research on microbial sludge is extremely important, helping to improve and overcome the current ineffective wastewater treatment situation. So, what is microbial sludge? What is the role of microbial sludge in wastewater treatment? Let’s explore through the article What is microbial sludge? The role of microbial sludge in wastewater treatment.
What is microbial sludge? The role of microbial sludge in wastewater treatment
1. What is microbial sludge?
Microbiological sludge is researched and designed to include a mixture of microbial populations such as fungi, bacteria, bacteria, etc. In which, bacteria account for a high proportion and are divided into 8 bacterial groups: Alkaligenes – Achromobacter, Arthrobacter bacillus, Cytophaga – Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas – Vibrio aeromonas, Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae and a mixture of Ecoli, Micrococcus.
What is microbial sludge?
This population of microorganisms combines with some other solids to form a brown cotton-like adhesive and settles below. Activated sludge is one of the effective biological measures to treat wastewater quickly because it has the ability to metabolize a number of organic substances. in wastewater such as N,P BOD into nutrients that are beneficial to the environment.
2. Common types of microbial sludge
Microbial sludge is divided into 3 main types: aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic
Based on the form of biological wastewater treatment technology, microbial sludge is also divided into 3 types:
Aerobic sludge
Some conditions for microbial populations to survive and grow well in the environment include: pH from 6.5 to 8.5, oxygen concentration between 2 and 4mg/l, temperature between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, the nutrient ratio N, P, BOD are 5:1:100,…
Aerobic microbial sludge
Normally, anoxic microbial sludge is also brown in color, but darker than aerobic microbial sludge and often has many air bubbles when placed in the tank, the air bubbles become larger and larger. Therefore, anoxic sludge does not settle to the bottom like aerobic sludge.
Anaerobic sludge
Anaerobic microbial sludge is usually black, composed of suspended gas sludge and granular sludge. Normally, when storing anaerobic microbial sludge in plastic tools such as bottles and jars, there will be swelling caused by methane gas in the sludge.
For microbial populations to grow well, the environment needs to meet conditions such as: pH between 6.5 and 7.5, temperature not exceeding 35 degrees Celsius, nutrient ratio according to N, P, COD respectively is 5,1,350,…
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3. Uses of microbial sludge in wastewater treatment
With many outstanding advantages, using microbial sludge is not only a trend but also a wise choice because it brings many benefits in wastewater treatment:
- High efficiency: Research results and practical verification show that microbial sludge has the ability to remove from 85% to 95% of BOD and COD – which are leading pollution indicators. On the other hand, microbial sludge also helps effectively resolve the situation of suspended SS waste, compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus and agents causing eutrophication.
- Environmentally friendly: The use of microbial sludge to treat wastewater completely follows natural biological mechanisms, does not use toxic chemicals, so it is safe for humans and the surrounding environment. Thanks to that, microbial sludge helps minimize secondary pollution. Furthermore, the amount of excess sludge after treatment can be reused, becoming nutrient-rich organic fertilizer for plants and soil.
- Save operating costs: The outstanding advantage of this wastewater treatment method is that it does not require much investment. The biological sludge filtration system is easy to operate, does not require complicated machinery, and has low maintenance costs, helping to save businesses a significant amount of money.
4. Application of microbial sludge in wastewater treatment
With many outstanding biological properties, microbial sludge for wastewater treatment is widely used in many industries and fields today:
- Domestic wastewater treatment: Domestic wastewater from apartments, densely populated areas, and from cities and large urban areas will be treated with microbial sludge, contributing to cleaning the wastewater source before returning to the environment.
- Industrial microbial sludge: Each industry will generate its own amount of wastewater. Microbial sludge is a product with wide adaptability that helps quickly treat organic waste and grease from food and beverage factories. In addition, it also helps decompose complex organic color compounds of textile factories and dye factories. Microbial sludge is also capable of handling high concentrations of COD and BOD and some other difficult-to-decompose compounds to clean water sources.
- In aquaculture: This is a great application for the shrimp and fish farming industry. The product has the ability to decompose leftover food, shrimp and fish feces, clean water sources, reduce toxic gases, inhibit disease-causing bacteria, and stabilize pH in water. Thanks to that, the pond ecosystem is balanced, quickly reducing the accumulation of mud at the bottom of the pond.
5. Wastewater treatment process of microbial sludge
The process of treating wastewater with microbial sludge must go through many stages
Wastewater treatment process with microbial sludge based on the process of biomass development, cell replication has destroyed the bonds of substances organic matter in wastewater, turning them into necessary nutrients. This biomass development process includes 4 stages:
- Slow growth: this is the stage when the microbial sludge has just been put into the treatment system, the microorganisms begin to get used to and adapt to the nutritional food environment which is the organic matter in the wastewater.
- Logarithmic increase in biomass: after getting used to the environment, microorganisms begin to grow biomass by using nutrients in wastewater as food, assimilating and breaking their bonds and performing metabolism, through which waste in the water is treated. reason.
- Slow growth: after a period of strong biomass growth, nutrients in the environment begin to gradually run out and metabolism also declines, affects the growth of the microbial population, which begins to slow down again.
- Intracellular respiration: when organic substances are truly exhausted, microorganisms must use protoplasm in their own cells to carry out metabolism, cells gradually die and biomass also declines.
6. Some factors affecting microorganisms in microbial sludge
Because wastewater treatment microbial sludge is a collection of microbial communities that help neutralize organic substances necessary to clean water sources, the role of microorganisms is extremely important. Some factors that affect the growth of microorganisms in sludge include:
- Food: the greater the amount of organic matter in the sludge, the more opportunities microorganisms have to grow and multiply quickly. If the amount of nutrients is poor, microorganisms will fall into a phase of slow growth and intracellular respiration, causing them to weaken.
- BOD, COD parameters: each type of sludge will have its own appropriate ratio of BOD or COD parameters. This parameter will be calculated by each operating unit and adjusted accordingly.
- Flow rate: similar to the above parameters, the flow rate also needs to be designed by the treatment unit to suit each type of microbial sludge to create favorable conditions for microorganisms to grow. If the flow rate is too low, the contact process will be limited, if the flow rate is too high, it can wash the microbial sludge out of the treatment system.
- Temperature: the temperature in the treatment tanks must be adjusted appropriately for chemical reactions to occur smoothly, giving microorganisms the best conditions to grow.
- Toxic substances: toxic substances in the tank should be minimized, a high proportion of toxic substances will kill microorganisms, making the wastewater treatment process ineffective.
7. Some common microbial sludge problems in wastewater treatment and solutions
There are many problems when using microbial sludge to treat wastewater
In fact, when treating wastewater with microbial sludge, many problems often arise and appropriate treatment measures are needed. The common problems are encountered are as follows:
Sludge expansion in aerobic tank
This situation occurs mainly because the carbon concentration in the tank is too high compared to the oxygen concentration, reducing the efficiency of wastewater treatment. Therefore, to overcome this phenomenon, it is necessary to increase the amount of oxygen in the wastewater, temporarily stop or reduce the wastewater supply and raise the pH of the tank to about 8.5 to 9. Besides, the operating unit also needs to pay attention to separating the sludge appropriately, increasing the flow rate to increase contact,…
Therefore, installing sludge distribution funnels in the tank is extremely important, capable of overcoming this problem well. In addition, this phenomenon may appear due to the amount of fat or grease in the waste being too high. When this situation occurs, you should temporarily stop the system or separate the sludge in the tank to fix it.
White foamy mud
This is a common case during wastewater treatment with microbial sludge. The phenomenon occurs with white foam floating a lot, the foam is large in size, covering the entire tank. The cause may come from the wastewater flow being too much compared to the amount of microbial sludge or due to excessive toxins in the wastewater. To overcome this situation, it is possible to reduce the amount of wastewater pumped in, increase the amount of microbial sludge, and adjust the discharge mode appropriately.
In addition, regularly check the concentration in the tank using parameters such as pH, SV30. If the SV30 index is too low, you should add more sludge or reduce the amount of wastewater. If the SV index is normal, you should continue to check the pH and temperature parameters to adjust accordingly.
Sludge floats on the tank surface and shows signs of slow settling
This phenomenon may occur because the amount of organic matter in the tank is too low, causing microorganisms to lack food and function poorly. Therefore, the wastewater treatment microbial sludge loses its inherent activity. Therefore, the solution is not difficult, just increase the flow of wastewater so that microorganisms have food and continue to grow and reproduce.
White foam rises with black mud
This is a phenomenon that shows that the microorganisms in the sludge die, the dead microorganisms decompose into black and stick to the white foam floating on the tank surface. With this incident, it is necessary to quickly and continuously pump wastewater back out and supply clean water to rinse the tank, contributing to saving the remaining microorganisms.
Floating sludge in settling tank
In the settling tank, sludge will settle to the bottom when waste treatment is performed, however there will be cases where sludge floats on the surface in black or dark brown patches or lumps. The reason this situation occurs is because the sludge is kept in the tank for a long time or there is a lot of nitrate in the tank, leading to an increase in the amount of sludge. Therefore, people need to limit sludge from staying too long in the tank,… and regularly check the nitrate flow in the tank, especially with anoxic microbial tanks.
8. Why should you use microbial sludge from Duc Binh Microbial Products
If you need to find a place to buy quality mud at a good price, please contact Duc Binh Microbial Products! As our customer, you can be completely assured by:
- Duc Binh biological products always puts product quality first. This is a supplier of high-quality treated sludge, which has been tested for safety and effectiveness.
- Diverse products, meeting the maximum wastewater treatment needs of individuals, agencies, and businesses from agriculture to industry
- Dedicated and responsible customer support consulting service. Duc Binh owns a large team of technical experts who will answer all questions from people in detail.
- Duc Binh microbial sludge not only ensures good wastewater treatment efficiency but is also environmentally friendly, minimizing negative impacts on production activities.
Above is some information about microbial sludge as well as issues related to this topic that the Biological Products Distribution Center wants to share with you. Hopefully this article will contribute to answering people’s questions, and will be a useful reference source for you. For more detailed information about biological products for humus treatment, please visit the website: Chephamvisinh.vn or contact hotline 024 6655 4686 for advice and support support! Wishing you a successful application!
Learn more: Updated wastewater treatment knowledge: What is COD in wastewater
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Address: 57 Lane 64 Kim Giang, Khuong Dinh, Hanoi
Phone number: 024.66.55.46.86
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Duc Binh Microbial Products – Center for Research and Application of Biological Products specializes in research, production and application of product lines: Probiotics, septic tank yeast, wastewater treatment yeast, aquatic yeast, biological products…
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Phone number: 0934.214.579
Hotline: 024.66.55.46.86
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