Faced with the consequences that inorganic fertilizers cause to the environment and human health, scientists have researched and produced a new type of fertilizer, which is microbial organic fertilizer. Making microbial organic fertilizer is extremely simple, the ingredients are easy to find, but it brings countless benefits to agriculture. The article below, Duc Binh Microbial Products will guide how to quickly compost sawdust as plant fertilizer, please read!
1. Introducing microbiological compost made from sawdust
Previously, it was estimated that our country used an average of 11 million tons of inorganic fertilizer each year for crop cultivation. Among them, more than 50% of this chemical fertilizer is lost into the environment, causing many serious consequences. Microbial organic fertilizer is considered a leading alternative, helping to increase soil quality and ensure safety for consumers’ health
How to compost sawdust with trichoderma fungus is an effective solution for making plant fertilizer and improving soil
One of the most widely used organic fertilizers for crop cultivation today is fertilizer made from sawdust and Trichoderma fungus. Before learning how to compost sawdust with Trichoderma fungus, let’s explore in detail the main ingredients of this fertilizer!
1.1 Sawdust
Sawdust is an organic material containing a lot of cellulose, created during the process of thinning the wood of large trees, bamboo, etc. Because the size of sawdust is so small and uneven, in the past it was often considered a waste product, natural waste.
However, according to some recent studies, cellulose contained in sawdust, when decomposed by microorganisms, will create organic fertilizer with large amounts of nitrogen, potassium and many other essential nutrients for plants and animals.
Cellulose is a very stable compound, a type of macromolecular polysaccharide. In self-aerated conditions, Cellulose can be decomposed under the action of many aerobic microorganisms. They are of great significance to the implementation of the carbon cycle in nature, making an important contribution to improving soil fertility
Sawdust is used as organic fertilizer
In 2015, the total estimated area of forested land in Vietnam was 14,061.9 hectares, of which the harvested wood output was up to 9,199.2 thousand m3. With a mountainous area occupying nearly ⅔ of the territory, along with the above-mentioned wood exploitation, the annual volume of waste products such as sawdust and shavings is very large.
Therefore, using composting sawdust with Trichoderma fungus as fertilizer is an extremely effective solution. This measure not only saves costs by taking advantage of cheap raw materials, but also ensures health safety for consumers.
1.2 Trichoderma
This is an imperfect fungus belonging to the Moniliaceae family, Trichoderma has a relatively fast growth rate. They can reach a diameter of 2-9cm after about 4 days of culture at 20oC. Trichoderma fungus grows well on nutrient-rich soils such as agricultural land, grasslands, forests, etc.
Based on its physiological and chemical characteristics, Trichoderma fungus has been researched by scientists and applied in agriculture. Some great uses of Trichoderma mushrooms include: eliminating fungi that cause plant diseases, stimulating plant growth, stimulating resistance and protecting the roots of plants,…
Trichoderma fungus under a microscope
Trichoderma is also able to resist cyanide – a type of poison that inhibits the respiratory activity of plant root cells. Therefore, Trichoderma plays an important role in directly controlling the root system of plants
After parasitizing the roots, they will begin to create a series of morphological and biochemical changes in the plant. Therefore, in addition to secreting enzymes to fight disease-causing microorganisms, this fungus also has the effect of stimulating plants to produce substances that help increase resistance to help plants become healthier.
In addition, Trichoderma fungus also helps decompose some organic matter in the soil, making the soil loose, increasing fertility and effectively improving the condition of hard and discolored soil
Read now: Trichoderma Mushroom: Benefits, Ingredients, Uses, Effective Use
2. Instructions on how to quickly compost sawdust
Step 1: Prepare ingredients
To get 1 quintal of finished fertilizer, people need to prepare the following ingredients:
- 40-50 kg of manure (can use chicken manure, cow manure,…)
- 50-60 kg chopped sawdust
- 3 kg super phosphate
- 1 package of preparation Trichoderma bacillus mushroom (package type 200g distributed by Duc Binh)
- 1 pack brewed EMZEO preparation fertilizer 200gr
- Clean water
How to use Trichoderma mushrooms to compost sawdust
Step 2: Pre-treatment of ingredients
Currently, people can easily find and buy sawdust at wood production facilities. However, these types of sawdust often contain a lot of impurities. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-treat it first so as not to affect the plants. To treat, people soak sawdust in a clear lime solution (ratio of 10kg of lime powder dissolved in 50l of water to settle overnight) for at least 24 hours.
Step 3: Compost sawdust with Trichoderma mushroom product
After pre-treating the sawdust, people mix the sawdust with a mixture of manure and super phosphate and spread it all on the ground. Underneath, you add a layer of nylon tarpaulin, about 4mx4m in size. Then, people mix 20 – 30 liters of clean water with Trichoderma Duc Binh mushroom product.
Spread the mixture evenly on the surface layer of the sawdust. If after watering the above solution, the sawdust still has not reached a moisture content of about 45-55%, you can use more clean water to water it again. To check, people gently hold the mixture and see if there is water leaking through their fingers.
How to compost sawdust with Trichoderma fungus
Step 4: Keep the compost pile moist and warm
Finally, people stir it well and beat it again into a pile. To limit the typical stench of manure, people can use about 1 package of 200gr powdered EMZEO product to sprinkle on the surface. With this method of incubation, the process does not have bad odors and also enhances the microflora to promote faster fermentation. After that, everyone needs to cover it tightly to incubate. Leave it for about 25 – 30 days before it can be used.
See more:
- How to compost cow manure using fertilizer tree technically correct
- The most detailed ways to compost organic chicken manure to use as fertilizer
Step 5: Control the composting process
During the composting process, people need to remember to periodically turn the compost 2-3 times. Farmers can check whether the incubation process is successful or not: in the first 2 or 3 days, the temperature can increase by 55-60oC. The manure mixture at this time decomposes quickly and does not have a foul smell. After 25-30 days of composting, the compost pile will be successfully composted and the compost pile temperature will return to normal temperature.
Regularly check, dig and moisten the compost
3. Dual benefits of composting sawdust with Trichoderma for soil and plants
The combination of Cellulose-rich sawdust and Trichoderma fungus brings superior efficiency compared to conventional fertilizers:
- Decomposes organic matter quickly: Trichoderma fungus secretes powerful enzymes, helping to break down the durable cellulose structure in sawdust and manure, shortening the composting time from several months to 25-30 days.
- Improves soil structure: Finished organic fertilizers help make soil more porous, increase moisture retention and drainage, effectively improving the condition of hard and discolored soil.
- Protect and stimulate the root system: Parasitic Trichoderma fungus protects plant roots, secretes growth stimulants, helps plants stay healthy, increases resistance and limits the phenomenon of toxic roots (due to cyanide).
- Fungal disease prevention: Trichoderma is a biological agent that has the ability to oppose and destroy fungi that cause dangerous diseases in plants such as Phytophthora (causing root rot), Fusarium (causing yellow wilt).
4. Limitations and remedies when using sawdust microbial organic fertilizer
Although microbial organic fertilizer from sawdust and Trichoderma brings many outstanding benefits, farmers need to note some of the following limitations and remedies to optimize use:
Slower effects than chemical fertilizers:
- Limitations: Organic fertilizers need time for microorganisms to decompose, resulting in the supply of nutrients not being as fast as chemical fertilizers.
- Remedy: Prioritize use as base fertilizer or periodic fertilization (especially for perennial plants). When immediate nutrition is needed for short-term plants, top dressing can be combined with inorganic fertilizers at reduced doses.
Risk of temporary Nitrogen deficiency:
- Limitations: If sawdust is not completely decomposed or the C/N ratio is too high, microorganisms will consume nitrogen available in the soil to decompose cellulose, causing “nitrogen withdrawal” causing temporary yellowing of leaves.
- Fix: Add Super Phosphorus and Manure during the composting process (as instructed) to balance the C/N ratio. Make sure the fertilizer is completely decomposed (reaching temperature and incubation time) before fertilizing.
Humidity and temperature requirements:
- Limitations: The activity of Trichoderma fungus depends closely on environmental humidity and temperature.
- Fix: Always keep soil moisture at the appropriate level after fertilizing. When fertilizing fruit trees, choose a time when it rains (March-April and July-August) or water thoroughly to activate microorganisms.
Transportation and storage issues:
- Limitations: Organic fertilizer is bulkier than inorganic fertilizer, more difficult to transport and store.
- Fix: Consider composting right in the field if there is a local source of raw materials. Store finished fertilizer in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight to maintain microbial density.
5. Notes in the process of composting sawdust
Like all other types of microorganisms, each impact of surrounding conditions has a certain influence on the growth and activity of Trichoderma fungus. Therefore, in the process ofcomposting sawdust with Trichoderma fungus, farmers need to pay attention to the following factors that can affect the quality of finished fertilizer products:
Temperature
Trichoderma fungi grow fastest at temperatures of 25 – 30 degrees C and they are also very afraid of direct sunlight. Because, this will affect the spore germination process, the elongation ability of the mushroom tube, the ability to secrete enzymes and the growth of the mycelium. Therefore, people need to pay attention to composting in a shady environment, covered with tarpaulin and appropriate weather conditions.
Breathability
Even though it can live in a hypoxic environment, but in essence, trichoderma is still an aerobic microorganism. Therefore, oxygen concentration also has an impact on their antibiotic ability and morphology when operating in soil.
Choose to buy good quality sawdust Trichoderma preparation
With the need to use Trichoderma mushroom as crop fertilizer, on the market today there are countless manufacturers of type of this special product. However, people need to pay attention to choosing and buying good quality products to ensure the composting process is successful. To be able to choose quality Trichoderma products, people can try some of the following methods:
- Read carefully the parameters listed on the packaging: a qualified product must have a minimum of 108 – 1010 CFU/gr.
- Check by manual method: After purchasing Trichoderma preparation, people can take a small spoon and dissolve it with about 400ml of clean water. Then cover tightly and place this mixture in a dimly lit place. If about 4-10 days later, the water mixture turns green or gray and a bad smell appears, it means this Trichoderma mushroom preparation meets the requirements
Choose to buy good quality Trichoderma preparation
6. How to use organic fertilizer made from sawdust
Based on actual use and testing results, microbial fertilizers can replace 50-100% of chemical phosphorus fertilizers depending on the plant variety. How to use microbial fertilizer made from sawdust and Trichoderma fungusspecifically as follows:
- For fruit trees and perennial trees: people fertilize according to the tree canopy projection after hoeing and loosening slightly around the base of the tree, sprinkle fertilizer and cover with a thin layer of soil at a dose of 1-2kg/tree base
- For tea plants: fertilize an amount of 0.2 – 0.3kg/root into the groove between 2 tea beds
- For vegetables, leafy vegetables, root vegetables, fruit vegetables: Use to replace Phosphorus and chemical Urea fertilizers for about 70%.
Due to its slower effect compared to chemical fertilizers, for short-term crops, microbial fertilizers are mainly used for fertilizing rather than top dressing. Crops harvested seasonally require additional fertilization after each harvest. When applying microbial fertilizer to fruit trees, it is best to apply it in the spring (March-April) and the rainy season (July-August), then taking advantage of the moisture of the rain will help the microbial fertilizer work better.
Pay attention to the type of plant for appropriate fertilization
So the above article has complete and detailed instructions how to compost sawdust with Trichoderma fungus. Hopefully with the information just shared, people will have more new knowledge in growing crops in an environmentally friendly way. Wishing everyone success!
⫸ See more: How to compost straw and leaves to quickly decompose
⫸ See more: How to compost and use coffee peels as plant fertilizer
⫸ See more: How to compost sawdust quickly effectively fertilize plants
⫸ See more: Detailed instructions how to compost rice husks and peanut shells to quickly rot fertilize plants
Contact information
Duc Binh Biotechnology Company Limited
MST: 0108433217
Address: 57 Lane 64 Kim Giang, Khuong Dinh, Hanoi
Phone number: 024.66.55.46.86
Transaction office
Duc Binh Microbial Products – Center for Research and Application of Biological Products specializes in research, production and application of product lines: Probiotics, septic tank yeast, wastewater treatment yeast, aquatic yeast, biological products…
Address : 1B Alley 774 Kim Giang, Thanh Liet, Hanoi
Phone number: 0934.214.579
Hotline: 024.66.55.46.86
Email: chephamvisinhungdung@gmail.com
Website:https://chephamvisinh.vn
